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In first place, I have to say that it¡s very difficult to me to choose only one researcher of my field.
But If I have to make tis choice, I will choose Marvin Harris. I know this anthropologist in a curse about cultural materialism that I have in my career about 2 years ago.
Marvin Harris was an american anthropologist (from EEUU). He was born in New York on 1927 and died on 2001. He is very importan for the Anthropoloy because he introduced the topic called "Cultural materialism". In his work he combined Marx emphasis on the forces of production with Malthus insights on the impact of demographic factors on other parts of the sociocultural system. Harris see these factors are determining the social structure of a society. He has focused on the relations between culture and ecology, and the way that the first are influenced by the second. Moreover, Harris has been write about the development of the anthropology theory, in a classic book The Rise of Anthropological Theory .
I like Harris because he introduced a new perspective about the culture. Generally, the culture is understood under a symbolic perspective, in terms of symbols and meanings. Harris, in opposition, think that the explication of the cultural fenomenom it is on the ecological variables, like population, production, technology and others. That because he formulating a materialist explanation for the treatment of “sacred cows” in Indian culture, talking about the proteins of the cows.